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要(yao)(yao)實(shi)現直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，需要(yao)(yao)以(yi)下(xia)兩(liang)個基本條件(jian)(jian)：驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)，導向部(bu)件(jian)(jian)，驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)提(ti)供直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)所需動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)力，導向部(bu)件(jian)(jian)則為(wei)保機(ji)構(gou)(gou)在確(que)定方向運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)并提(ti)供足夠的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)精度(du)(du)和支撐(cheng)剛度(du)(du)。1.驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)，工程上近(jin)來本的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)部(bu)件(jian)(jian)：氣(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)，液(ye)壓(ya)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)，各種電(dian)(dian)機(ji)（步(bu)進電(dian)(dian)機(ji)、伺服電(dian)(dian)機(ji)），要(yao)(yao)驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)一(yi)(yi)個機(ji)構(gou)(gou)實(shi)現直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，較(jiao)(jiao)簡(jian)單、成本較(jiao)(jiao)低的(de)(de)(de)辦(ban)法便(bian)是采用(yong)直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)氣(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)。雖然直(zhi)線(xian)氣(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)可以(yi)滿足使(shi)(shi)用(yong)要(yao)(yao)求，但在少數情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)也(ye)會(hui)受到以(yi)下(xia)限制：運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)模式的(de)(de)(de)限制：普通氣(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)只能(neng)(neng)在兩(liang)點之間進行運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)循環，這在大多(duo)數情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)都滿足使(shi)(shi)用(yong)要(yao)(yao)求，即使(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)實(shi)現三(san)點之間的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)循環，也(ye)可以(yi)將(jiang)兩(liang)只氣(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)串聯起(qi)來使(shi)(shi)用(yong)，這些(xie)(xie)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)速(su)度(du)(du)一(yi)(yi)旦調整完成便(bian)是固定的(de)(de)(de)，只能(neng)(neng)以(yi)固定的(de)(de)(de)形程及速(su)度(du)(du)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)。但在有些(xie)(xie)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)，要(yao)(yao)實(shi)現多(duo)線(xian)之間的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)循環，需要(yao)(yao)頻繁(fan)的(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)與停(ting)止，運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)方向與速(su)度(du)(du)也(ye)經常要(yao)(yao)根據實(shi)際情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)進行靈活改變，這樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)(qing)(qing)(qing)況(kuang)普通氣(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)便(bian)無法完成了。結構(gou)(gou)空(kong)間的(de)(de)(de)限制：在某些(xie)(xie)結構(gou)(gou)非常緊(jin)湊的(de)(de)(de)場(chang)合，可能(neng)(neng)缺乏足夠的(de)(de)(de)空(kong)間來安裝(zhuang)氣(qi)缸(gang)(gang)(gang)，而采用(yong)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)可能(neng)(neng)很容易(yi)解(jie)決(jue)這一(yi)(yi)問題，因為(wei)通過皮帶傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)或鏈傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)安裝(zhuang)在其他(ta)空(kong)間允許的(de)(de)(de)地方，因此這種場(chang)合下(xia)便(bian)體現出電(dian)(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)優越(yue)性。